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NCG在水产动物上的应用
发布时间:2025-01-15 关注:108
NCG简介及其作用机理
NCG是N-Carbamylglutamate的简称,中文名称为N-氨甲酰谷氨酸,它是N-乙酰谷氨酸(即NAG)结构功能类似物,在动物体内可以像NAG一样参与二氢吡咯-5-羧酸合成酶(P5CS)和氨甲酰磷酸合成酶I(CPS-I)的激活,促进谷氨酰胺或脯氨酸合成瓜氨酸,进而促进精氨酸的合成,从而促进尿素循环,其作用机理如下图1。
图1.NCG促进尿素循环
--引自亚太兴牧技术团队
NCG应用于水产动物的理论基础
科学研究表明,在水产动物体内存在着类似哺乳动物的精氨酸合成途径(麦康森等,2006),机理如下图2。
图2.哺乳动物和水生动物共用尿素循环通路
--引自BMC Biochemistry 2008,9-24
NCG在水产方面的研究进展
近年来国内外学者分别在多种鱼类及甲壳类水产动物中,主要有杂交鲟,杂交鳢,大口黑鲈,日本鲈鱼,罗非鱼,镜鲤,大菱鲆,黄颡鱼,南美对虾,中华绒螯蟹等,验证了NCG在水产动物上的功效集中在降低血氨缓解氨氮胁迫,促进生长,降低死亡率等,改善肝脏抗氧化,提高免疫力,改善肠道健康等;详见以下图3。
图3.NCG在水产动物上的应用及其主要功效示意图
渔精元在水产方面的应用效果
自2015年起亚太兴牧技术团队联合国内外水产科研团队联合研发并推出水产专用NCG产品渔精元,并且在多个物种上均起到了显著的改善生产性能,降低饵料系数的效果,以下列举了部分试验物种,包含大菱鲆、罗非鱼、杂交鳢、南美白对虾以及小龙虾等,每个品种均做了添加量的梯度试验,下图中展示实验组均为zui佳添加量的渔精元组。
图4.饲料中添加200g/吨NCG可以显著提高大菱鲆幼鱼增重率和蛋白质效率,显著降低饲料系数
图5.饲料中添加250g/吨NCG可以显著提高罗非鱼的增重率,降低饵料系数
图6.饲料中添加250g/吨NCG可以明显提高杂交鳢的增重率、蛋白质沉积率、成活率,显著降低饵料系数
图7.饲料中添加400g/吨NCG可以明显提高南美白对虾、小龙虾的增重率,降低饵料系数
水产新产品研发
近日,山东农业大学王教授一行参观亚太兴牧生产基地,并就NCG在水产上的功效给予了充分的肯定,对于NCG未来在水产领域的深入研究提出了宝贵的建议。此外,经过细致的讨论,双方制定了进一步的联合研发计划,希望在不久的将来,亚太兴牧为水产市场带来效果显著且性价比优良的新产品。
图8.山东农业大学水产研究团队王教授参观亚太兴牧生产基地
亚太兴牧
激发生命潜能
NCG产业领导者
引自
[1]Liu, Zhiqiang, et al. "Dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation improves the survival, digestive and immunological parameters by promoting ammonia excretion in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), under ammonia nitrogen stress." Aquaculture and Fisheries (2024).
[2]Li, Jinnan, et al. "Effects of arginine and/or N-carbamylglutamate supplementation on growth, biochemical composition and expression of growth-regulating factors of hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii♀× A. baerii♂) juveniles fed an arginine-deficient diet." Animal Feed Science and Technology 285 (2022): 115246.
[3]Feng, Dexiang, Zhiguo Yang, and Ming Li. "Dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation improves ammonia tolerance of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco." Frontiers in Physiology 14 (2023): 1191468.
[4]Zhao HongXia, Zhao HongXia, et al. "Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate on growth performance, body composition, serum biochemical indices and anti-ammonia-nitrogen stress ability of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)." (2019): 5625-5634.
[5]Wang, Zhenlu, et al. "Responses of Micropterus salmoides under ammonia stress and the effects of a potential ammonia antidote." Animals 13.3 (2023): 397.
[6]Li, Pei-jia, et al. "Effects of dietary L-arginine or N-carbamoylglutamate on intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal flora of hybrid snakehead [Channa maculata (♀)× C. argus (♂)]." (2022): 1836-1847.
[7]Cheng WeiXuan, Cheng WeiXuan, et al. "Effects of arginine on the regulation of the growth, the blood amino acid composition and the fat deposition in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." (2015): 490-497.
[8]Zhao HongXia, Zhao HongXia, et al. "Dietary supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate and effects on growth, intestinal enzyme activities, immunological and antioxidant abilities of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)." (2019): 1250-1260.
[9]Wang, Liansheng, et al. "Effect of N-carbamoylglutamate supplementation on the growth performance, antioxidant status and immune response of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed an arginine-deficient diet." Fish & shellfish immunology 84 (2019): 280-289.
[10]Li, Wei, et al. "Dietary supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate promotes growth performance by modulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." Aquaculture Reports 20 (2021): 100750.
[11]左然涛,李敏,李广,等. 饲料中添加N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对中间球海胆成胆生长、性腺发育、消化酶活力和免疫性能的影响[J]. 饲料工业,2017,38(10):1-4. DOI:10.13302/j.cnki.fi.2017.10.00
[12]Caldovic, Ljubica, and Mendel Tuchman. "N-acetylglutamate and its changing role through evolution." Biochemical Journal 372.2 (2003): 279-290.
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